Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Compared to the simple diode needed to demodulate AM radio signals, the detector circuits used for FM are slightly more complicated. Wrapping your head around phase detectors, ratio detectors, ...

Modern oscilloscopes capture, view, measure, and analyze complex RF signals in the time, frequency, and modulation domains. Time-domain analysis, the original oscilloscope function, allows users to ...

A look at the simplest FM demodulation technique. It doesn’t give the lowest possible output distortion, it doesn’t reject amplitude distortion effects, but it is simple and can be used at virtually ...

Emerging, data-intensive technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning are gaining popularity. Data centers, which act as the essential infrastructure for these technologies, need to ...

Testing FM receivers is not that much different than testing other pieces of audio equipment. Appropriate tests include the big six: level, frequency response, THD+N, phase, interchannel crosstalk, ...