Author’s note: This article shows how to derive circuit gain equations via a signal flow graph. With practice you may be able to write a gain equation by locating signal paths and loops in the ...

CMOS mixers are integral components in modern radio frequency (RF) circuit design, enabling frequency conversion in wireless systems while prioritising low power consumption. Recent progress in ...

If you’ve ever used an RF signal analyzer, you’re probably used to seeing displays like the spectrum graph or constellation plot. Of course, trusting the answers you get from the instrument often ...

Today’s consumer, communication, and computer electronic devices have clocks, communication interfaces, and high-speed signal-conditioning circuits that operate at radio frequencies (RF). Providing ...

In reality, RF signals are “rectified” at the input of the amplifier by electrostatic discharge (ESD) diodes, input structures, and other non-linear elements contained within the amplifier. In a ...

What is an RF detector? An RF detector monitors or samples the output of an RF circuit and develops a dc output voltage proportional to the power at that point. What do you do with an RF detector? RF ...