A combination of transformations can sometimes be described using a single transformation, eg when a shape is transformed by two consecutive translations, the result can be expressed as a single ...

Explicit invariant measures are derived for a family of finite-to-one, ergodic transformations of the unit interval having indifferent periodic orbits. Journal Information This monthly journal, begun ...

BRST transformations have emerged as a cornerstone in the quantisation of gauge theories, providing a systematic means to address the redundant degrees of freedom inherent in such frameworks. By ...

Symmetry and invariance lie at the heart of modern physical theories, serving as guiding principles in our understanding of the natural world. These ideas are central to elucidating conservation laws ...

The form of an object is that characteristic that remains invariant under a group of transformations comprising translation, rotation, and possibly reflection. Group invariance thus naturally plays an ...